integration

“Open Regionalism” or Alternative Regional Integration

“Open Regionalism” or Alternative Regional Integration

by Eduardo Gudynas – In Latin America, confusion and ambiguity over trade and regional integration continues to be commonplace. Different governments declare their dedication to strengthening relations between countries, but their trade policies indicate otherwise. On this slippery terrain, the concept of “open regionalism” has often been used to justify very different stances. Published by […]

“Soft” integration and “rigid” trade

“Soft” integration and “rigid” trade

by Eduardo Gudynas – There is a proliferation of different discourses on integration in Latin America in which it is conceived particularly in the form of trade agreements while other critical issues are overlooked, such as the changes in cultural patterns or the inheritance of neo-liberal reforms. Eduardo Gudynas argues that by ignoring this other […]

The Paths of the South American Community of Nations

The Paths of the South American Community of Nations

by Eduardo Gudynas – Recently the presidents of South American nations launched a proposal to form a “Community of Nations” that would group twelve countries covering 17 million square kilometers, with 361 million inhabitants, and a GDP of more than $970 billion dollars. Published by the Americas Program of the International Relations Center (IRC, online […]

Mercosur and the FTAA: New tensions and new options

Mercosur and the FTAA: New tensions and new options

by Eduardo Gudynas – Integration processes in Latin America have highlighted new topics and new challenges for the Southern Common Market (MERCOSUR). The trade bloc, formally created in 1991 (one year before NAFTA), comprises Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay as full members, and Chile and Bolivia joined as associate members several years later. Published by […]